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1.
SA Mwachireya M Carreiro-Silva BE Hartwick TR McClanahan 《African Journal of Marine Science》2018,40(1):25-42
Microbioerosion rates and microbioeroder community structure were studied in four Kenyan protected coral-reef lagoons using shell fragments of Tridacna giant clams to determine their response to the influence of terrestrial run-off. Fourteen different microbioeroder traces from seven cyanobacteria, three green algae and four fungi species were identified. The river discharge-impacted reef and ‘pristine’ reef showed similar composition but higher microbioeroder abundance and total cyanobacteria- and chlorophyte-bioeroded areas when compared with the other study reefs. Cyanobacteria dominated during the north-east monsoon (NEM) relative to the south-east monsoon (SEM) season, with algae and cyanobacteria being major microbioeroders in the river-impacted and pristine reefs. The rate of microbioerosion varied between 4.3 g CaCO3 m?2 y?1 (SEM) and 134.7 g CaCO3 m?2 y?1 (NEM), and was highest in the river-impacted reef (127.6 g CaCO3 m?2 y?1), which was almost double that in the pristine reef (69.5 g CaCO3 m?2 y?1) and the mangrove-fringed reef (56.2 g CaCO3 m?2 y?1). The microbioerosion rates measured in this study may not be high enough to cause concern with regard to the health and net carbonate production of Kenya’s coral reefs. Nevertheless, predicted increases in the frequency and severity of stresses related to global climate change (e.g. increased sea surface temperature, acidification), as well as interactions with local disturbances and their influence on bioerosion, may be increasingly important in the future. 相似文献
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随着新能源产业的快速发展, 全球碳酸锂贸易量逐渐增长, 但其出口集中于少数国家, 这意味着全球碳酸锂供应存在一定的风险。为了深入了解全球碳酸锂贸易格局演变、供应危机传播路径及影响, 本文构建了2000—2021年全球碳酸锂贸易网络和级联失效模型, 概述了主要出口国贸易流向和贸易格局演变过程, 并模拟了不同供应危机来源的雪崩规模、传播路径及其影响。我们得到: (1)20多年来全球碳酸锂贸易集中度逐渐增加, 出口前三位国家保持稳定, 而主要进口大国变化明显, 贸易格局已由南美供应全球转变为南美供应东亚; (2)碳酸锂贸易供应危机的影响范围逐渐扩大, 间接传播逐渐占据主导地位; (3)智利供应危机对中日韩的影响程度逐渐扩大, 但对欧洲的影响时间最长; 阿根廷和中国的雪崩规模在上升、传播次数增加, 而美国则相反。本文将贸易格局演变与危机传播结合, 明确了全球碳酸锂主要贸易国智利、阿根廷、中国、德国等作为供应危机来源的影响程度及其传播路径。以上分析结果将有利于维护全球碳酸锂贸易稳定和主要贸易国采取应对策略缓解供应危机。 相似文献
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Variscan to Alpine magmatic activity on the North Tethys active Eurasian margin in the Caucasus region is revealed by 40Ar/39Ar ages from rocks sampled in the Georgian Crystalline basement and exotic blocs in the Armenian foreland basin. These ages provide insights into the long duration of magmatic activity and related metamorphic history of the margin, with: (1) a phase of transpression with little crustal thickening during the Variscan cycle, evidenced by HT-LP metamorphism at 329–337 Ma; (2) a phase of intense bimodal magmatism at the end of the Variscan cycle, between 303 and 269 Ma, which is interpreted as an ongoing active margin during this period; (3) further evolution of the active margin evidenced by migmatites formed at ca. 183 Ma in a transpressive setting; (4) paroxysmal arc plutonic activity during the Jurassic (although the active magmatic arc was located farther south than the studied crystalline basements) with metamorphic rocks of the Eurasian basement sampled in the Armenian foreland basin dated at 166 Ma; (5) rapid cooling suggested by similar within-error ages of amphibole and muscovite sampled from the same exotic block in the Armenian fore-arc basin, ascribed to rapid exhumation related to extensional tectonics in the arc; and finally (6) cessation of ‘Andean’-type magmatic arc history in the Upper Cretaceous. Remnants of magmatic activity in the Early Cretaceous are found in the Georgian crystalline basement at c. 114 Ma, which is ascribed to flat slab subduction of relatively hot oceanic crust. This event corresponds to the emplacement of an oceanic seamount above the N Armenian ophiolite at 117 Ma. The activity of a hot spot between the active Eurasian margin and the South Armenian Block is thought to have heated and thickened the Neo-Tethys oceanic crust. Finally, the South Eurasian margin was uplifted and transported over this hot oceanic crust, resulting in the cessation of subduction and the erosion of the southern edge of the margin in Upper Cretaceous times. Emplacement of Eocene volcanics stitches all main collisional structures. 相似文献
4.
利用卫星遥感资料和地面气象观测资料,基于CASA模型及其他数理方法估算了浑善达克沙地2000-2013年生长季(4-10月)植被净初级生产力(NPP),并对其时空变化特征进行了分析,讨论了气候因子和人类活动对植被净初级生产力的影响。结果表明: 14年间,研究区生长季的植被净初级生产力呈波动中增加趋势,多年平均NPP为239.8 gC·m-2·a-1。整个研究区表现为高NPP值(大于150 gC·m-2·a-1)的植被面积在增加,低NPP值(小于150 gC·m-2·a-1)的植被面积在减少。在空间分布上,研究区的北部、中部和南部边缘区域的植被NPP增加趋势较明显,而东部和西部部分区域未发生明显的趋势性变化。总体而言,研究区植被净初级生产力变化趋势与降水量的关系更密切,其相关系数达到0.86,是驱动植被NPP年际波动的最直接因素。而与温度呈负相关,相关系数为-0.42。综合考虑气候因素和人类活动对沙地NPP的影响发现,温度降低、种饲料面积、年末牲畜存栏头数和羊的数量的减少是NPP值提高的关键因素。 相似文献
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A plate-tectonics model of the Alpine evolution of the Caucasus is suggested. According to the model, in the Jurassic-Neocomian the Caucasian territory comprised the shelf of the East European platform, the marginal sea of the Great Caucasus, the Pontian-Transcaucasian island arc, the Anatolian-Minor Caucasian oceanic basin (Tethys) and the Iranian-Turkish microcontinent. Along the northern margin of the oceanic basin a convergent plate juncture extended. Part of the Caucasus, situated north of this plate boundary, represented the West Pacific-type active margin of the East European platform. In the Middle Cretaceous the Iranian-Turkish microcontinent collided with the Pontian-Transcaucasian island arc and as a result the Transcaucasian-Minor Asian continental block originated. In the central part of the latter an extensive Paleogene andesitic belt formed, with the Black Sea-Adjara-Trialetian and Talysh-South Caspian basaltic rift troughs on its rear (northern) side (incipient Black Sea and South Caspian basins). Major plate boundary shifted south, into the Zagros-Taurus basin, though the Anatolian-Minor Caucasian suture zone remained mobile in the Upper Cretaceous and Paleogene. From the Oligocene, under conditions of ongoing convergence of the Eurasian and Afro-Arabian continental blocks, the present-day intracontinental mountainous foldbelt has developed. 相似文献
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TritonX-100-5-Br-PADAP光度法测定铜和镍 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了非离子型表面活性剂Triton X- 100 存在下,用5 - Br - PADAP 光度法测定铜、镍的方法。结果表明:在pH9 .0 的硼砂缓冲介质中,5 - Br - PADAP 与铜和镍生成紫红色络合物,λCum ax = 575 nm ,εCu = 1 .04 ×105 L·mol- 1·cm - 1 ;λNim ax = 575 nm ,εNi = 1 .14 ×105 L·mol- 1·cm - 1 。铜和镍的质量浓度分别在0 ~560 μg/ L和0 ~440 μg/ L符合比尔定律。加入六偏磷酸钠后,由于偏磷酸镍的形成,镍不再与5 - Br - PADAP 显色,可通过铜及铜镍总量的测定,计算出镍的含量。用该方法实测了钢样中铜和镍的含量,结果与推荐值相符,对铜和镍5 次测定的RSD均小于5 % 。 相似文献
10.
基于对子午链台站地震地磁前兆异常以及地球空间环境变化等研究方向的需求分析,利用网络、大数据、云计算等新技术,结合地震数据专家(DatistEQ)软件,设计子午链台站地磁指数报告自动产出系统。该系统通过低代码、敏捷式开发工作流程,连接不同功能节点,可以实现用户定制化、数据标准化、功能智能化的系统报告产出。通过本地或者云端一键流程化工作,将不同类型的数据发送到科研工作者或其他需求者,简化工作流程,优化数据处理,实现高效率产品产出。 相似文献